The Governors of each states of the federation hold the land in trust for the Federal Government, and are entitled to be the sole signatory of all certificate of occupancy (C of O) before a piece of land is legally owned by an individual or group of individuals. I am saying this because I know several businessmen and a diplomat from Nigeria who were scammed. Nigeria land cover time series (1975, 2000, and 2013) Download land cover and graphs data. 08 February 2021 | An example is the establishment of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant in Bonny Island in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Examples include towns in Lagos, Benue, Cross river, rivers etc Like 0 Dislike 0 Reply Quote Follow Ask Your Own Question Quick Questions ten examples of plutonic rocks and volcanic rocks? Invasion: this is as a result of the migration of people into coastal communities in search of new technologies that provide job opportunities. The method is mostly regarded as the simplest one. Luloff, James By Jamilah Mohd Salim, Maizatul Azwa Radzi, Sheriza M IntechOpen Limited Ben Ayade for allowing a level playing field at the Cross River North senatorial election of Feb. 25. Decrease in water level affect intertidal level especially when areas along the shore receive no water supply and become dry. It also changes the coastal structure and lead to flooding of upland areas. This affects the survival of soil-dwelling organisms by increasing the acidity and alkalinity of the soil. Industries also flock around coastal areas because of the ease of transportation of goods and equipments. The soil chemistry is also affected by the manures and fertilizers that come from the farm and the waste from fish ponds. Land reclamation is gradually posing negative impact on man due to unplanned urbanization. It is crucial to the environment's welfare both now and in the future. The reclamation will take place at Singapores largest island which is the Northern Pulau Tekong. For instance, The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), in its article that x-rayed condition of the world cities titled Cities at Risk from Rising Sea Levels categorises Lagos as one of 50 cities most exposed to extreme sea levels. The causes of land reclamation in the Niger Delta are grouped into two: (1) direct and (2) indirect causes. This is because of land expansion activities such as urban development. The deadline for the reclamation activity is 2022. Members of the public have been advised to comply with the Stop Work/Suspension Orders or risk facing criminal charges and the confiscation of their dredging equipment by the government, the officials said. Because of the non-use of the palms they had been removed from several locations with the aid of swamp buggies as a means of mitigating their negative environmental effect. Diamond Island is also seen as a cradle of commercial activities because the plots of lands there are available and meant for commercial, industrial and also residential activities. The swamps are scooped away or reinforced with sand and concrete in other to produce a hard surface on which to construct foundations of buildings. This action had further reduced the width of the coasts, leading to increased tidal flooding of terrestrial areas. With . Not surprisingly, the country that is home to the largest population of the region also has by far the largest area under cultivation. The land reclaimed is known as reclamation ground or land fill . The second example is another site known as Borikiri in the outskirts of Port Harcourt, the capital city of Rivers State. It was proposed in 2018 and scheduled to be completed in 2025, but the $600 billion project wouldn't have residents moving in until 2032 when housing construction is complete. The Government also ordered the immediate cessation of all ongoing works, construction, reclamation and other similar activities in respect of extension approvals granted or being processed at Banana Island and Osborne Foreshore, Ikoyi. Land reclamation impact the coastal environment in several ways (Table 1). By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. Presence of sediments leads to the gradual formation of terrestrial areas, which becomes the habitat for plants. Before reclamation the site is cleared, which leads to the destruction of native plant species within the reclaimed area [3]. According to him, disruption of the ecology would also have a negative impact on the people living in the affected area. The colonization of pioneer species will accelerate the establishment of other successional stages (e.g. Crude oil pipeline and well head situated in reclaimed coastal area in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. The way the practice is being done in Nigeria encourages subsidence along the coast. This leads to the death or migration of amphibious species along the coast. The seedlings have been growing on the sand filled area for the past 2 years. Im a fisherman, how am I supposed to survive, the man lamented. Sand filling of the coasts lead to the burial of millions of species. In July 2000, Nigeria's population was estimated at more than 123 million people. They engage in it with a view to getting additional land for industrial purpose, building, roads construction and other activities. The conversion of a coastal area to a terrestrial area via developmental projects is a human-mediated succession. The aim of acquiring land varies, but is mainly for possession and or production of goods and services to satisfy socio-economic and socio-cultural needs. I hope they are being done according to the best practices in order to protect the ecosystem., He concluded by saying that: land reclamation for the purpose of constructing properties in commercial quantities is risky.. The crude oil resource is mainly present in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, which is the centripetal force on which the nations economy revolves [3]. Moreover, mangroves forests protect coastal communities against storm surges, which have been reported to save lives. Ten waters (8 surface and 2 groundwater sources), 10 soil samples and air were collected and taken for analysis. Conversion of coastal environment to terrestrial area through deforestation and solidification to terrestrial environment in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. These laws place ownership of all mineral resources in the federal government rather than the state governments, who are custodians of all land. The area can be strictly protected against further anthropogenic activities to allow for evolutionary forces to change the restored environment. residential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other use had experienced tremendous increase from 85.4 square kilometres (43.36per cent) to 111.9 square kilometres (56.8per cent). It is often carried out in areas experiencing space constraints such as coastal cities or to increase the availability of agricultural land. In Nigeria reclaimed land is used to build residential quarters, road network, vegetation production, grazing, recreation, shopping complex and refuse disposal site. The implication of these landscape reclamations is that the destruction of mangrove forests lead to a colossal loss of ecosystem services to the environment. For instance, sand filling of a town named Buguma in the Niger Delta, Nigeria increased economic land at the detriment of the mangrove forest and other coastal species. Thus in other to expand the land area to accommodate the industrial complex, surrounding creeks were mowed down; sand filled and solidifies to build offices and apartments for workers. Economic land on the other hand, is part of physical land that can be used to produce economic commodities for mans satisfaction [2]. The next kind of management is human management [19]. This could lead to permanent loss of mangroves or other plant species of economic/medicinal importance and habitat for marine organisms and wildlife and their emigration to unaffected areas, thereby upsetting the ecological balance. This is because such activities lead to the clearing of the mangrove forest and other coastal vegetation. Land reclamation is also known as land fill, it is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds. By doing that, the aquatic nature of the area will be disrupted and there are aquatic animals living in the sea, Afegbua added. Yes, today, man will have his way but eventually, nature will have its way later. Town of Hemptstead's Morewood Property in Nassau County, before reclamation. Some small towns, notably Minna, Uyo, Makurdi, Maiduguri, and Bauchi, experienced remarkable growth in population and economy after becoming state capitals. Ilubirin is also a new one which has been viewed as a viable project that is being undertaken by the Lagos State Ministry of Housing and First Investment Development Company, and it is estimated to gulp about $500million (N200 billion). Our fishing nets and traps have been damaged by the mud. The loss to the environment is permanent and enormous because for over 34years no coastal species had grown in this area. Backing the argument of Nwilo, a former Professor of Geography at the University of Ibadan, Adetoye Faniran, viewed the matter in a way that seems supernatural. Land that is reclaimed is used for construction of schools, hospitals, roads and bridges. What is happening in Lagos should not be different. In October 2021, DEC prepared, . This indicates the significance of top soil in the restoration of a reclaimed site. Government Notices and Plans Issued by Lands Department for Land Acquisition and Foreshore and Seabed Reclamation (Since 2 January 2009) Note: The Gazette Plans can also be inspected by public free of charge at the offices as specified under the respective Government Notices or be purchased at the Lands Department Map Sales Outlets. Land is highly priced and many have died for its sake through fratricidal wars and communal clashes because of its scarcity. Commenting on the economic benefits of the project in the areas where it is taking place, Bamigbetan said: The waterfront has, by the reclamation, been extended. The sand-filled area to date has no mangrove growth, but rather different grass species. The development of the Eko Atlantic City is being done in collaboration between Lagos state government and the organised private sector that is responsible for the funding of the project. The marine coastal ecosystem is made up of different zones. In the course of this period a small outlet was created by the side of the sand filled area, which allowed the entry of river water into the sand filled area during high tide. Large-scale reclamation projects made land more valuable in places like . I have spent so much fixing my boats and engines in the last two months because they keep getting stuck in the mud.. Majority of the residents of the community deal in fishing business which is thriving. Located in the west-central part of Nigeria, Minna is a quiet and beautiful city in Nigeria. Presently buildings have been erected on the site, which are occupied by some people. Agricultural activities such as rice paddies and aquaculture are embarked upon in swampy coastal locations [14]. Even the engines of our fishing boat are not spared. Deposited sand is usually evacuated by trucks to buyers. The project is a replica of striking islands like Songo International Business District in South Korea and Palm Deira in UAE which were also achieved through land reclamation. The provisions of the EIA Act No. In alphabetical order, the states are as follows: Abia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nasarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara. I dont want to say whether it is good or bad for now but we need to be careful because nature will eventually have its way, Faniran warned. On the Eko Atlantic project, the Managing Director of South Energyx Ltd., David Frame said that the project has been fortified with a wall known as The Great Wall of Lagos, adding that the wall has the capability to ward off flood storms in hundreds/thousand years. Map of Niger Delta Nigeria (circled) bordering the Atlantic Ocean has the biggest mangrove forests in Africa. UNITED KINGDOM, Landscape Reclamation - Rising From What's Left, Reasons for land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Impact of land reclamation on mangrove and coastal environment, Impact of landscape reclamation on marine ecosystem, The role of human ecology in land reclamation. Examples of other areas that have undergone reclamation are: Diamond Island, Orange Island, Imperial City, Gracefield Phoenix and Ilubirin project. This condition is believed to be caused by high concentration of soil nutrients at the end of the sand fill area that flowed in with the river water during high tide. The Copernicus Sentinel-1 mission takes us over part of the Dutch province of Flevolandthe newest province in the Netherlands and one of the largest land reclamation projects in the world. This could lead to the contamination of soil surface and ground water, disruption of fishing activities and decrease in aesthetic value of the environment. Largest cities in Nigeria in 2022 (in 1,000 individuals) Number of inhabitants in thousands Lagos Kano Ibadan Port Harcourt Benin City Kaduna Abuja Maiduguri Zaria Aba Jos Ilorin Oyo Enugu. However, there are other types of land reclamation, depending on the type of fill material, topography of the seabed and the type of equipment available. How? According to him, artificial land reclamation activities have been an age-long war between man and nature, noting that Lagos state government needs to get things right and be careful as the exercise could lead to disastrous consequence. 5. 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